There are various types of shoulder surgeries performed to treat different shoulder conditions and injuries. The choice of surgery depends on the specific problem, severity of the condition, patient’s symptoms, and overall shoulder health. Here are some common shoulder surgeries:
Rotator Cuff Repair:
This surgery is performed to repair a torn rotator cuff, which consists of a group of tendons that help stabilize the shoulder joint. The surgeon may use arthroscopic techniques (small incisions and a camera-guided approach) or open surgery to reattach the torn tendon to the bone.
Shoulder Arthroscopy:
Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure used to diagnose and treat various shoulder problems. It involves inserting a small camera (arthroscope) through tiny incisions to visualize the inside of the shoulder joint. Arthroscopic surgery can be used for conditions such as shoulder impingement, labral tears, biceps tendon disorders, and loose body removal.
Shoulder Stabilization:
This surgery is performed to treat shoulder instability, which occurs when the shoulder joint dislocates or subluxates (partially dislocates) repeatedly. The surgeon may repair damaged ligaments and tighten loose structures to stabilize the shoulder joint. Procedures such as Bankart repair, capsular shift, or Latarjet procedure may be performed depending on the specific case.
Total Shoulder Replacement:
In cases of severe shoulder arthritis or irreparable joint damage, a total shoulder replacement may be recommended. The damaged shoulder joint is replaced with an artificial joint made of metal and plastic components. This surgery helps relieve pain and improve function in the shoulder.
Reverse Shoulder Replacement:
Reverse shoulder replacement is performed when there is a combination of severe shoulder arthritis and a torn or irreparable rotator cuff. In this procedure, the positions of the ball and socket components of the shoulder joint are reversed. This allows the deltoid muscle, instead of the rotator cuff, to control and power the arm movements.
Fracture Repair:
Shoulder fractures, such as proximal humerus fractures or clavicle fractures, may require surgical intervention. The surgeon may use plates, screws, or other fixation devices to align and stabilize the fractured bones.
These are just a few examples of shoulder surgeries, and there are additional procedures and techniques available to address specific shoulder conditions or injuries. The type of surgery recommended will depend on a thorough evaluation by an orthopedic surgeon who specializes in shoulder conditions. They will consider factors such as the patient’s symptoms, imaging studies (e.g., X-rays, MRI), and the goals of treatment to determine the most appropriate surgical approach.
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