Shoulder instability repair is a surgical procedure performed to address shoulder instability, which occurs when the shoulder joint becomes unstable, leading to dislocations or frequent subluxations (partial dislocations). Shoulder instability can result from traumatic injuries, repetitive overuse, or underlying structural abnormalities of the shoulder joint.
Here is an overview of shoulder instability repair:
1. Evaluation and Diagnosis:
Before proceeding with surgery, a thorough evaluation is conducted to assess the extent and cause of shoulder instability. This may involve a physical examination, imaging tests (such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans), and a discussion of symptoms, previous dislocations, and functional limitations.
2. Anesthesia:
Shoulder instability repair is typically performed under general anesthesia, which puts the patient to sleep during the procedure
3. Surgical Techniques:
There are different surgical techniques available for shoulder instability repair, and the choice depends on factors such as the type and severity of instability, the patient’s age and activity level, and the surgeon’s expertise. Common techniques include:
- Arthroscopic Stabilization:
This minimally invasive approach involves making small incisions and using an arthroscope (a small camera) to visualize the inside of the shoulder joint. The surgeon inserts specialized instruments through additional incisions to repair and stabilize the torn or stretched structures. Techniques such as Bankart repair (re-attaching the torn labrum) and capsulolabral reconstruction (reconstructing the torn capsule and labrum) may be performed arthroscopically.
- Open Stabilization:
In certain cases, an open surgical approach may be necessary, particularly for complex or recurrent shoulder instability. This involves making a larger incision to directly access and repair the damaged structures. Open stabilization techniques may include a Latarjet procedure (transfer of a piece of bone to stabilize the joint) or a remplissage procedure (filling the defect in the humeral head with soft tissue).
4. Rehabilitation and Recovery:
Following surgery, a period of immobilization, usually in a sling, is necessary to protect the repaired structures. Rehabilitation plays a crucial role in the recovery process and typically involves a progressive program of physical therapy. The goals of rehabilitation are to regain shoulder strength, restore range of motion, and improve stability and function. The duration and intensity of rehabilitation will vary based on the surgical technique, individual healing, and specific patient factors.
It’s important to note that recovery from shoulder instability repair surgery can take several months, and the success of the procedure depends on a combination of surgical technique, postoperative rehabilitation, and patient compliance. The surgeon will provide detailed postoperative instructions, including pain management, wound care, and activity restrictions, to facilitate a smooth recovery.
It’s recommended to consult with a shoulder specialist, such as an orthopedic surgeon or a shoulder surgeon, who can evaluate your specific condition, discuss the surgical options available, and develop a comprehensive treatment plan tailored to your needs. They will guide you through the surgical process and provide ongoing care to optimize your recovery and shoulder stability. At Alabama Bone and Joint Clinic our specialists are able to guide you through your treatment options. Call today to schedule an appointment with one of our experts in orthopedic care.
