Trigger finger, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a condition that affects the tendons in the fingers or thumb, causing them to become inflamed or irritated. The condition is characterized by the finger or thumb getting stuck in a bent position and then suddenly snapping straight, similar to the action of pulling and releasing a trigger. Here’s an overview of trigger finger, including its causes, symptoms, and treatment options:
Causes: The exact cause of trigger finger is often unknown, but several factors can contribute to its development:
1. Repetitive Movements:
Repeated and forceful movements of the fingers or thumb, such as gripping, grasping, or pinching, can strain the tendons and lead to inflammation.
2. Medical Conditions:
Trigger finger is more common in individuals with certain medical conditions, including diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and hypothyroidism.
3. Trauma:
Injury or trauma to the hand or finger can increase the risk of developing trigger finger.
Symptoms: The primary symptom of trigger finger is the catching or locking of the affected finger or thumb, followed by a sudden release. Other common symptoms include:
1. Pain or discomfort at the base of the finger or thumb
2. Tenderness or a lump at the base of the affected finger or thumb
3. Stiffness or limited range of motion in the affected digit
4. Popping or clicking sensation when moving the finger or thumb
Treatment: The treatment options for trigger finger depend on the severity of symptoms and can range from conservative measures to surgical intervention:
1. Conservative Treatment:
Initial treatment typically involves conservative measures, including:
- Resting the affected hand and avoiding activities that aggravate the condition.
- Applying ice packs to reduce swelling and alleviate pain.
- Using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to manage pain and inflammation.
- Wearing a splint or brace to immobilize the affected finger or thumb.
2. Hand Exercises:
Performing gentle stretching and strengthening exercises for the fingers and thumb can help improve mobility and reduce symptoms.
3. Corticosteroid Injections:
If conservative measures fail to provide relief, a corticosteroid injection may be administered. The injection helps reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms. Multiple injections may be required, but they are usually spaced several weeks apart.
4. Percutaneous Release:
In some cases, a minimally invasive procedure called percutaneous release may be performed. A needle is used to cut the constricted portion of the tendon sheath, allowing for improved tendon movement. This procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia.
5. Surgery:
If conservative treatments and other interventions are ineffective, surgery may be recommended. The surgical procedure, known as trigger finger release or trigger finger surgery, involves making a small incision in the palm or finger and dividing the tight portion of the tendon sheath to alleviate the constriction.
The choice of treatment depends on the severity of symptoms, the individual’s overall health, and the response to conservative measures. It is advisable to consult with an orthopedic specialist or a hand surgeon who can evaluate your condition and recommend the most appropriate treatment approach for your specific case. At Alabama Bone and Joint Clinic our specialists are able to guide you through your treatment options. Call today to schedule an appointment with one of our experts in orthopedic care.
