Hip resurfacing is a surgical procedure that involves replacing the damaged surface of the hip joint’s femoral head (the ball-shaped top of the thigh bone) with a metal prosthesis, while preserving more of the patient’s natural bone compared to total hip replacement. This procedure is typically recommended for younger patients who have good bone quality and suitable anatomy.
Here is an overview of the hip resurfacing procedure:
Preoperative Assessment:
Before the surgery, the patient undergoes a comprehensive evaluation, including a medical history review, physical examination, and imaging tests such as X-rays or MRI. These assessments help determine the appropriateness of hip resurfacing and plan the procedure accordingly.
Anesthesia:
Hip resurfacing is typically performed under general anesthesia, which means the patient is unconscious during the surgery. In some cases, regional anesthesia or a combination of general and regional anesthesia may be used.
Incision:
An incision is made to access the hip joint. The size and location of the incision may vary, but minimally invasive techniques can be employed to minimize tissue damage and facilitate faster recovery.
Preparation of the Femoral Head:
The damaged surface of the femoral head is reshaped and prepared to receive the metal cap. The femoral head is not completely removed, but rather trimmed and shaped to fit the prosthesis.
Placement of the Metal Cap:
A metal cap, made of cobalt-chromium alloy, is placed over the reshaped femoral head. The metal cap is typically cemented or press-fit onto the prepared surface.
Preparation of the Acetabulum:
The acetabulum (socket) is typically left intact and does not require significant reshaping as in total hip replacement. However, if necessary, the surgeon may address any damaged or irregular areas of the acetabulum.
Insertion of the Acetabular Component:
An acetabular component, which is a metal cup, is inserted into the existing acetabulum. The metal cup may be fixed in place using screws or press-fit technique, or it may be cemented if deemed necessary.
Closure:
The incision is carefully closed using sutures or staples, and sterile dressings are applied to protect the wound.
Postoperative Care and Rehabilitation:
After surgery, the patient is monitored in a recovery area before being transferred to a hospital room. Pain management, early mobilization, and physical therapy are essential for recovery and rehabilitation. Physical therapy helps restore strength, range of motion, and overall function.
The recovery and rehabilitation process after hip resurfacing is similar to that of total hip replacement, but the preservation of more bone may allow for increased activity levels in the long term. However, patients must still follow postoperative precautions and guidelines to protect the hip joint and ensure proper healing.
It’s important to note that hip resurfacing is not suitable for everyone. Factors such as the extent of bone loss, the presence of osteoporosis, or certain hip conditions may contraindicate hip resurfacing. An orthopedic surgeon specializing in hip conditions can evaluate your specific case and determine if hip resurfacing is the most appropriate treatment option for you.
As with any surgical procedure, hip resurfacing carries certain risks and potential complications, including infection, blood clots, fracture, dislocation, metal wear, and allergic reactions to the metal components. Your surgeon will discuss these risks with you and provide specific instructions for your recovery and rehabilitation. At Alabama Bone and Joint Clinic our specialists are able to guide you through your treatment options. Call today to schedule an appointment with one of our experts in orthopedic care.
