Patellar realignment, also known as patellar stabilization, is a surgical procedure performed to correct patellar (kneecap) instability. Patellar instability occurs when the kneecap does not properly track within the groove at the end of the thigh bone (femur), leading to recurrent dislocations or subluxations (partial dislocations).
The procedure aims to realign the patella and restore stability to the knee joint. There are different surgical techniques available, and the choice of procedure depends on the underlying cause and severity of patellar instability. Here are some common techniques used in patellar realignment:
Lateral Release:
This procedure involves releasing or loosening the tight structures on the outer side of the patella. It helps to correct lateral (outward) tracking of the patella and relieve pressure on the medial (inner) structures of the knee.
The MPFL is a ligament on the inner side of the knee that helps stabilize the patella. In cases where the MPFL is torn or stretched, a reconstruction may be performed. During the procedure, a graft (usually a tendon) is used to reconstruct the MPFL, restoring stability to the patella.
Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy:
This procedure involves repositioning the attachment point of the patellar tendon on the shinbone (tibia). By shifting the position of the tibial tubercle, the alignment and tracking of the patella can be improved.
Trochleoplasty:
In some cases, the groove at the end of the femur (trochlea) may be shallow or irregular, contributing to patellar instability. Trochleoplasty involves reshaping the trochlea to provide a deeper and more stable groove for the patella.
The specific technique used in patellar realignment surgery will depend on the individual patient’s condition and the surgeon’s expertise. The procedure is typically performed arthroscopically, using small incisions and a camera-guided approach. This minimally invasive technique allows for faster recovery and reduced scarring compared to open surgery.
Following surgery, a rehabilitation program is typically prescribed to regain strength, range of motion, and stability in the knee. This may involve physical therapy exercises, gradual return to weight-bearing activities, and activity modifications to protect the healing tissues.
It’s important to consult with an orthopedic surgeon specializing in knee conditions to determine if patellar realignment surgery is appropriate for your specific case. They will assess your symptoms, conduct a physical examination, review imaging studies (e.g., MRI), and discuss the potential benefits and risks of the procedure. At Alabama Bone and Joint Clinic our specialists are able to guide you through your treatment options. Call today to schedule an appointment with one of our experts in orthopedic care.
